HNUTE CANCER(BREAST CANCER)

Hnam tlem tê kan ni nâa Mizo-te hian ngáwt(cancer) hi kan vei nasain min tibuai bertu leh thihna thlen tam bertu a ni kan ti thei hial awm e. Mizorama ngáwt vei zinga thahnem tak(11.2%) hi hnute ngáwt vei an ni a, hmeichhe ngáwt vei zingah a tam palina a ni.

Hnute Ngáwt chu eng nge ni rêng?

Hnute ngáwt hi hnute tîsa mür(cell) taksa khawlina a thunun theih loha lo thang a, lo pung ta hluaiin báwk a siam hi a ni. Mür laimu, mürmu (nucleus) chhunga awm, mihring min timihringtu leh kan tîsa thanna thununtu, 'gene' tia kan hriat lo inthlakdanglam (mutate) avanga ngáwt hi rawn insiam a ni. Gene hian kan tîsa mür(cell) tin hi a thununin a upa deuh chu a tawktêin a tharin a thlak zel thin. Gene inthlakdanglam a lo awmin thunun rual lohin kha tîsa mür kha a lo púng a, báwk a insiamin ngáwt(cancer) kan vei ta thin a ni.
Hnute hi tîsa chi hrâng hrângin a siam a:    
1. Gland(Hnute bê) : Hnute tui siamtu    
2. Duct(Hnute dáwt) : Hnute tui, gland atanga hnute hmüra petu    
3. Fat(Thau) : Hnute pianphung siamtu leh timawitu    
4. Fibrous connective tissue (Duar) : Hnute tîsa phuarkhawmtu    
5. Skin(Vun) : Hnute tîsa tuamkhawmtu leh khuh mawitu
Héng hnute tîsa hrâng hrâng atang hian ngáwt a insiam thei vek a, gland leh duct atanga insiam hi a tam ber chu an ni. A awm tanna tîsa azirin ngáwt awmdan leh zia pawh a dâng thei thin.

Hnute Ngáwt awmtir theitu (Risk Factors) :

Chi hnihin a then theih - Thunun theih leh Thunun theih loh.
Thunun theihte:    
1. Nau pai danna damdawi (Estrogen) : Nau pai leh hnute insiam nana dawihlo(hormone) pawimawh tak pahnih 'estrogen' leh 'progesteron' te hi hmeichhe chi bawm (ovary) hian a siam chhuak a, heng dawihlo chihnih inlumlet hian thi neih dân leh hmeichhe naupai kawngah kawngro nasa takin a sú a ni. Estrogen hi hnute than nân a pawimawh a, rei tak thisena a châmbân chuan hnute ngáwt a thlen thei thung. Naupai danna damdawi (oral contrceptive pill) pawh hetiang dawihlo tho hi a nih avangin a hmáng reiho zingah hnute ngáwt hi a awm duh bika ngaih a ni.    
2. Thau lutuk leh rih lutuk : Hmeichhe thau deuh pawh hi an thisenah dawihlo 'estrogen' a sân thin avangin hnute ngáwt an vei duh bik, upat lam thi hul hnuah a ni zual.    
3. Ei-in (Diet) : Zirmi(researchers)-te chhut dânin sa thau leh ke pali nei sa(red meat), thil rep(meia ur ro) ei nasáte hian hnute ngáwt an vei duh bik. Heng chaw thau pai tam lo, thei leh thlai tharlâm ei tâmte hian an vei tlem deuhin an ngai.    
4. Taksa sawizawi (Exercise) : Hunbi neia taksa sawizawi leh chet(nitin minit 45-60 tal) hian hnute ngáwt vei lo turin a pui theia ngaih a ni.    
5. Zu (Alcohol) : Hmeichhe zu in thin hian hnute ngáwt an vei hma bawk. Zu hian thin hnathawh a tibuai a, chu chuan 'estrogen  metabolism’ a tibuai theiin thisenah estrogen a lo sân phah thin avangin hnute ngáwt a awm hma.    
6. Meizûk (Smoking) :  Meizûk leh vaihlo hman thin chi hrang hrang hian taksa hmun dang ang bawkin hnutêah pawh nghawng tha lo a nei thei.    
7. Lungkham ngah (Sress & anxiety) : Vei neih rûn leh rilru hahte hian hnute ngáwt an vei hma bik an ti tlat bawk. Rilru engthawl takte hi an taksa raldo khawl (immune system) a chak bik avangin ngáwt leh natna dâng an vei mawh niin mi thiam ten an ngai. Tawngtai leh rilru sawizawina dângte pawh hi a tangkai thei niin an sawi.
Thunun theih lohte:    
1.. Hmeichhia (Gender) : Hmeichhia ten hnute ngáwt hi an vei tlángpui, mipa tán vei ngai loh chu a ni bik lo. Hmeichhiaah hian dawihlo estrogen leh progesteron-te hnathawh a inlumleh nasat bik vanga hmeichhiaten hnute ngáwt hi vei tam bik niin mi thiamten an ngai.    
2. Kum upa ( Age) : Ngáwt dang ang bawkin hnute ngáwt pawh hi kum a tam chuan vei a awl bik. Hnute ngáwt hi hmeichhia kum 30 leh kum 39 inkârah mi tlemte, 0.44 % chauh vei mai thei dinhmunah an ding a, kum 60-ah chuan 43.5 % lai vei hlauhthawnawm an ni thung.    
3. Hnam leh Chi (Race) : Mingo hmeichhiate hian mihâng leh Asia mite aiin hnute ngáwt hi an vei tam zawka ngaih a ni.    
4. Chhungkuaa vei awm (Family History) : I chhungkhat hnaivai zinga hnute ngáwt vei an awm a nih chuan nang pawhin i vei ve mai a hlauhthawnawm thei.    
5. Inhem (Radiation therapy) : Ngáwt chi dang avanga awmbawr hem (RT) lo tawk tawhte hian hnute ngáwt hi an vei duh bawk.    
6. Thisena Estrogen awm rei : Nau pai lova lengtûl te, hmeichhe thi nei hma bik te, upat hnua thi nei rei/hul harho (late memopause) - te hi an thisenah Estrogen a tam rei bik avangin hnute ngáwt hi an vei duh bik bawk.

Hnute Ngáwt chu engtia hriatchhuah nge?

Hnute ngáwt hi hriatchhuah hmâ chuan enkawl dam harsa lo tak a ni. Chuvângin inrinhlehna nei emaw, inringhlel lem lo pawh kum upa lamah chuan inentir fo hi thil pawimawh tak a ni, kum khata vawikhat tal inentir a, mamogram screening neih thin a tha. Mahnia in ekzam thiam pawh a tangkai thei hle bawk. Doctor ekzamna atang leh mahnia inekzam atanga rinhlelhawm a awm chuan X-ray, mamogram, CT/MRI/Ultra sound scan-te hmangin a báwk lendân leh a darh tam dân a hriat theih. A báwk atanga tîsa them lak(biopsy) a, enlennaa enin ngáwt a ni ngei tih finfiah thin a ni.

Hnute Ngáwt Enkawl Dân:

Enkawlna hi a báwk len dân leh a darh zau dan azirin a dang thei. Hnute ngáwt hi zai(surgery) hmanga enkawl phawt a, damdawi(chemotherapy) emaw hem(radiotherapy) emaw hmanga enkawl zui leh thin a ni ber, damdawi leh hem hman kawp ngai pawh an awm thei bawk.

Hriattûr pawimawh:

Hnute ngáwt laka i him theih nân a chunga kan sawi ngáwt awmtir theitu(risk factors), zinga thunun theihho lakah khian inthiar fihlim hrâm tum ang che. Ei leh inah fimkhur la, vaihlo leh zû lakah inthiarfihlim la, i taksâ rit lutuk tur véng uluk la, i taksa sawizawi thain a tawk chauhin che (exercise & physical activities) thin bawk ang che. Nau i neihin a rei thei ang ber i hnute tuiin naute chu i châwm thin bawk dawn nia (nau hnute pe lai nute thisenah hian estrogen a hniam). Kum 40 chunglam leh hnute ngáwt vei mai thei mi(risk group) i nih chuan kumtin doctor bula screening neih thin a tha.
By lalsiampara sailo